What is Guaifenesin CAS 93-14-1： A Comprehensive Guide for Beginners

Abstract

This article provides a comprehensive guide for beginners on Guaifenesin, a commonly used expectorant drug with the CAS number 93-14-1. It delves into the history, mechanism of action, uses, side effects, dosage, and potential interactions of Guaifenesin, offering a detailed overview for those new to this medication.

Introduction to Guaifenesin

Guaifenesin, with the chemical name 4-(2-methoxyphényl)-2-pyrrolidinone, is a widely used expectorant drug. It is commonly prescribed to help relieve chest congestion and to thin mucus in the respiratory tract, making it easier to cough up. Guaifenesin is available over-the-counter (OTC) in various forms, including tablets, syrup, and lozenges.

History of Guaifenesin

Guaifenesin was first synthesized in 1932 by scientists at the pharmaceutical company Merck. It was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1958 for use as an expectorant. Since then, it has become a staple in the treatment of respiratory conditions, particularly those involving mucus production.

Chemical Structure and CAS Number

Guaifenesin has the chemical formula C₁₁H₁₄O₃ and a molecular weight of 206.24 g/mol. Its CAS number, 93-14-1, is a unique identifier used to distinguish it from other substances. The chemical structure of Guaifenesin consists of a pyrrolidone ring with a methoxyphenyl group attached to it.

Mechanism of Action

The primary mechanism of action of Guaifenesin is its ability to reduce the viscosity of mucus. This is achieved by inhibiting the synthesis of acidic mucopolysaccharides, which are components of mucus. By thinning the mucus, Guaifenesin makes it easier for individuals to cough it up, thereby relieving symptoms of respiratory conditions.

Uses of Guaifenesin

Guaifenesin is primarily used to treat symptoms associated with respiratory conditions, such as colds, flu, and chronic bronchitis. It is also used to manage symptoms of asthma and other lung diseases that cause excessive mucus production. Guaifenesin is often combined with other medications, such as decongestants and antihistamines, to provide comprehensive symptom relief.

Side Effects of Guaifenesin

While Guaifenesin is generally well-tolerated, it can cause side effects in some individuals. Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, and diarrhea. Less common side effects may include allergic reactions, such as hives or difficulty breathing. It is important to follow the recommended dosage and consult a healthcare provider if any adverse effects occur.

Dosage and Administration

The dosage of Guaifenesin varies depending on the age, weight, and severity of the condition. For adults, the typical dosage is 600 to 1200 mg per day, taken in divided doses. Children's dosages are calculated based on their weight and age. Guaifenesin can be taken with or without food, but it is important to follow the specific instructions provided by the healthcare provider or the product label.

Potential Interactions

Guaifenesin may interact with certain medications, including blood thinners, diuretics, and certain antidepressants. It is important to inform the healthcare provider about all medications, supplements, and herbal remedies being taken to avoid potential interactions. Additionally, Guaifenesin should not be used in individuals with a known allergy to it or those with certain medical conditions, such as asthma.

Conclusion

Guaifenesin, with the CAS number 93-14-1, is a widely used expectorant drug that helps thin mucus and relieve chest congestion. This comprehensive guide for beginners covers the history, mechanism of action, uses, side effects, dosage, and potential interactions of Guaifenesin. Understanding these aspects is crucial for individuals considering the use of this medication to manage respiratory conditions.

Keywords: Guaifenesin, CAS 93-14-1, expectorant, respiratory conditions, mucus, side effects, dosage, interactions.