p-Hydroxybenzoic Acid CAS 99-96-7： Everything You Need to Know About This Compound

Abstract

This article provides an in-depth overview of p-Hydroxybenzoic Acid, CAS 99-96-7, a compound widely recognized for its diverse applications and unique chemical properties. It covers the structure, synthesis, properties, uses, safety considerations, and environmental impact of this compound, offering a comprehensive understanding of its significance in various industries.

Introduction to p-Hydroxybenzoic Acid (CAS 99-96-7)

p-Hydroxybenzoic Acid, also known as para-hydroxybenzoic acid, is a type of aromatic carboxylic acid with a hydroxyl group attached to the para position of the benzene ring. It is a white crystalline solid that is widely used in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries. This compound is characterized by its antiseptic, antibacterial, and antifungal properties, making it a valuable ingredient in various products.

Structure and Synthesis of p-Hydroxybenzoic Acid

The molecular formula of p-Hydroxybenzoic Acid is C7H6O3, and its molecular weight is 138.12 g/mol. The structure of p-Hydroxybenzoic Acid consists of a benzene ring with a carboxylic acid group (-COOH) and a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to the para position. The synthesis of p-Hydroxybenzoic Acid can be achieved through various methods, including the oxidation of m-phenylenediamine, the reduction of 4-nitrobenzoic acid, and the hydroxylation of benzoic acid.

Properties of p-Hydroxybenzoic Acid

p-Hydroxybenzoic Acid possesses several unique properties that contribute to its widespread use. It has a melting point of approximately 168-170°C and a boiling point of around 300°C. The compound is soluble in water, alcohol, and ether, but it is sparingly soluble in chloroform. Its antiseptic, antibacterial, and antifungal properties make it an effective ingredient in various pharmaceutical and cosmetic products.

Applications of p-Hydroxybenzoic Acid

p-Hydroxybenzoic Acid finds extensive applications in various industries due to its diverse properties. In the pharmaceutical industry, it is used as an active ingredient in antiseptic ointments, antifungal creams, and antiperspirants. In the cosmetic industry, it is used as a preservative in skincare products to prevent microbial contamination. Additionally, it is used in the food industry as an antioxidant and preservative.

Safety Considerations of p-Hydroxybenzoic Acid

While p-Hydroxybenzoic Acid is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics and pharmaceutical products, it is important to be aware of potential risks. High concentrations of the compound can cause skin irritation and allergic reactions in some individuals. Therefore, it is crucial to use it within the recommended concentration limits. Regulatory agencies, such as the FDA, have set guidelines for the safe use of p-Hydroxybenzoic Acid in consumer products.

Environmental Impact of p-Hydroxybenzoic Acid

The environmental impact of p-Hydroxybenzoic Acid is a subject of concern due to its widespread use. The compound is biodegradable, but its breakdown products can accumulate in the environment. Studies have shown that p-Hydroxybenzoic Acid and its metabolites can be found in aquatic ecosystems, potentially affecting aquatic life. Efforts are being made to develop more environmentally friendly alternatives to reduce the impact of p-Hydroxybenzoic Acid on the environment.

Conclusion

In conclusion, p-Hydroxybenzoic Acid, CAS 99-96-7, is a versatile compound with numerous applications in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries. Its unique properties, such as antiseptic, antibacterial, and antifungal effects, make it a valuable ingredient in various products. However, it is important to consider safety and environmental factors when using this compound. As research continues to evolve, it is crucial to stay informed about the latest findings and guidelines regarding the use of p-Hydroxybenzoic Acid.

Keywords

p-Hydroxybenzoic Acid, CAS 99-96-7, aromatic carboxylic acid, synthesis, properties, applications, safety, environmental impact