2-Chlorobutane, with the CAS number 78 - 86 - 4, is a colorless to pale - yellow liquid. The molecular formula of 2 - Chlorobutane is C₄H₉Cl, and its molecular weight is approximately 92.57 g/mol. It has a characteristic pungent odor. The boiling point of 2 - Chlorobutane is around 68 - 69 °C, and the melting point is about - 140 °C. It is slightly soluble in water but highly soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol, ether, and chloroform. The density of 2 - Chlorobutane is about 0.87 g/cm³ at 20 °C. This product is usually supplied in high - quality standards from the factory, ensuring its purity and stability for various applications.
2 - Chlorobutane has a wide range of applications in different industries. In the pharmaceutical industry, it serves as an important intermediate in the synthesis of various drugs. It can be used to introduce the butyl - chlorine group into the molecular structure of target compounds, which is crucial for the biological activity and pharmacological properties of drugs. In the field of organic synthesis, 2 - Chlorobutane is a valuable starting material for the preparation of more complex organic molecules. It can participate in substitution reactions, elimination reactions, and coupling reactions to form new carbon - carbon and carbon - heteroatom bonds. Additionally, it is used in the production of some specialty chemicals, such as certain types of plasticizers and surfactants, where its unique chemical structure contributes to the improvement of product performance.
When using 2 - Chlorobutane, it is essential to follow strict safety procedures. First, it should be handled in a well - ventilated area, preferably under a fume hood, to avoid inhalation of its vapors. Protective equipment, including gloves, safety goggles, and lab coats, should be worn at all times. For storage, it should be kept in a cool, dry place away from sources of heat, sparks, and open flames. When using it in a chemical reaction, proper reaction conditions need to be carefully controlled. For example, in a substitution reaction, the choice of solvent, reaction temperature, and reaction time can significantly affect the yield and selectivity of the product. It is recommended to start with small - scale experiments and gradually scale up the reaction according to the experimental results.
1. Pharmaceutical Synthesis: A pharmaceutical company was synthesizing a new anti - inflammatory drug. They used 2 - Chlorobutane as an intermediate in the multi - step synthesis process. In the first step, 2 - Chlorobutane was reacted with a specific aromatic compound under basic conditions to form an alkylated product. By carefully controlling the reaction temperature at 50 °C and using potassium carbonate as the base in an acetonitrile solvent, they achieved a high yield of 80% of the desired product. This intermediate was then further modified through several other chemical reactions to finally obtain the target anti - inflammatory drug.
2. Organic Chemical Production: An organic chemical factory was producing a new type of plasticizer. They used 2 - Chlorobutane to react with a long - chain alcohol in the presence of a catalyst. By optimizing the reaction conditions, such as using a specific Lewis acid catalyst and adjusting the reaction time to 8 hours, they were able to produce a plasticizer with excellent performance. The plasticizer showed good compatibility with the polymer matrix and effectively improved the flexibility and durability of the plastic products.
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