Gluconic acid, with the Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) number 526 - 95 - 4, is an organic compound. It is a mild organic acid derived from glucose through oxidation. The molecular formula of gluconic acid is C6H12O7, and its molar mass is approximately 196.16 g/mol. It is a colorless to slightly yellow, syrupy liquid or can be in the form of a white crystalline powder when in the solid state. Gluconic acid is highly soluble in water, methanol, and ethanol, but insoluble in non - polar solvents such as ether and chloroform. This product is factory - supplied at a low price, ensuring cost - effectiveness for various applications.
1. Food Industry: Gluconic acid is widely used as an acidulant, pH regulator, and chelating agent in the food industry. It can be found in dairy products, baked goods, and beverages. For example, in dairy products, it helps to control the acidity, improve the texture, and extend the shelf - life. In baked goods, it can react with baking powders to enhance the leavening effect.
2. Pharmaceutical Industry: In pharmaceuticals, gluconic acid is used as an ingredient in oral and topical medications. It can form salts with various metal ions, such as calcium gluconate, which is commonly used to treat calcium deficiencies.
3. Cleaning Industry: Gluconic acid is an excellent cleaning agent due to its chelating properties. It can remove scale, rust, and mineral deposits from metal surfaces, pipes, and industrial equipment. It is also environmentally friendly and biodegradable.
4. Construction Industry: In the construction field, gluconic acid is used as a retarder in concrete. It slows down the setting time of concrete, allowing for better workability, especially in hot weather conditions.
1. Food Applications: When using gluconic acid in food products, first determine the appropriate dosage according to the specific food item and the required pH level. It can be added directly to the food mixture during the production process. For example, in the production of fruit juices, it can be added in the range of 0.1% - 0.5% to adjust the acidity.
2. Pharmaceutical Applications: In pharmaceutical production, follow the strict guidelines and formulas. When preparing calcium gluconate, for instance, gluconic acid reacts with calcium carbonate in a specific ratio under controlled conditions.
3. Cleaning Applications: Dilute gluconic acid with water according to the degree of contamination. For light scale removal, a 5% - 10% solution may be sufficient, while for heavy - duty cleaning, a 20% - 30% solution can be used. Apply the solution to the surface to be cleaned and let it sit for a certain period before rinsing.
4. Construction Applications: In concrete production, gluconic acid is usually added in an amount of 0.01% - 0.1% by weight of cement. It should be added during the mixing process to ensure uniform distribution.
1. Food Case: A bakery was having issues with the texture and shelf - life of its bread products. By adding a small amount (0.2%) of gluconic acid to the dough, the bakery noticed an improvement in the bread's crumb structure. The bread became softer and had a longer shelf - life, reducing the amount of wasted products.
2. Pharmaceutical Case: A pharmaceutical company was developing a new calcium supplement. By using gluconic acid to form calcium gluconate, they were able to produce a highly soluble and bioavailable form of calcium. Clinical trials showed that patients taking the calcium gluconate supplement had better calcium absorption compared to other calcium forms.
3. Cleaning Case: An industrial plant had serious scale buildup in its pipes. A cleaning solution containing 25% gluconic acid was applied to the pipes. After a few hours of soaking, the scale was effectively removed, and the pipes' flow rate was restored, reducing energy consumption and maintenance costs.
4. Construction Case: A construction project was taking place in a hot climate. By adding 0.05% gluconic acid to the concrete mixture, the workers had more time to place and finish the concrete. The final concrete structure had better strength and durability.
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