Ruthenium(III) chloride, with the CAS number 14898-67-0, is an important inorganic compound in the field of chemistry. It typically appears as a dark brown or black powder. The molecular formula of ruthenium(III) chloride is RuCl₃, and its molecular weight is approximately 207.43 g/mol.
This product is often supplied in different purities according to customer needs. The purity can range from 95% to 99.9%. Higher purity products are usually required for more precise chemical reactions and high - tech applications. Ruthenium(III) chloride is hygroscopic, which means it can absorb moisture from the air. Therefore, it should be stored in a dry and well - sealed environment to maintain its quality.
2.1 Catalysis: Ruthenium(III) chloride is widely used as a catalyst in various chemical reactions. It can catalyze the oxidation, hydrogenation, and isomerization reactions. For example, in organic synthesis, it can catalyze the oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes or ketones.
2.2 Electroplating: In the electroplating industry, ruthenium(III) chloride is used as a source of ruthenium ions for electroplating ruthenium onto various substrates. Ruthenium - plated surfaces have excellent corrosion resistance, high hardness, and good electrical conductivity, which are widely used in the manufacturing of electronic components and decorative items.
2.3 Material Science: It is also used in the preparation of ruthenium - based materials. These materials have unique physical and chemical properties, such as high thermal stability and magnetic properties, and are used in the development of high - performance electronic devices, sensors, and energy storage materials.
3.1 Storage and Handling: As mentioned before, ruthenium(III) chloride should be stored in a cool, dry place away from moisture and oxidizing agents. When handling this product, appropriate personal protective equipment such as gloves and goggles should be worn to avoid direct contact with the skin and eyes.
3.2 Preparation of Solutions: To use ruthenium(III) chloride in chemical reactions, it is often necessary to prepare its solutions. It can be dissolved in water, ethanol, or other polar solvents. When preparing solutions, the appropriate solvent should be selected according to the reaction requirements. The dissolution process should be carried out under stirring conditions to ensure complete dissolution.
3.3 Dosage in Reactions: The dosage of ruthenium(III) chloride in chemical reactions should be determined according to the specific reaction type and scale. Generally, a small amount of ruthenium(III) chloride can play a catalytic role. However, excessive dosage may lead to side reactions or waste of resources.
4.1 Organic Synthesis: A research group was working on the synthesis of a new type of pharmaceutical intermediate. They used ruthenium(III) chloride as a catalyst in the oxidation reaction of a specific alcohol. By optimizing the reaction conditions and the dosage of ruthenium(III) chloride, they achieved a high - yield conversion of the alcohol to the corresponding aldehyde. The reaction was carried out at a relatively low temperature, which reduced the energy consumption and side reactions.
4.2 Electroplating: A company in the electronics industry used ruthenium(III) chloride for electroplating ruthenium on the surface of integrated circuit pins. After electroplating, the pins showed excellent corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity. The company found that by controlling the concentration of ruthenium(III) chloride in the electroplating solution and the electroplating parameters such as current density and plating time, they could obtain a uniform and high - quality ruthenium coating.
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