n-pentanol, with the CAS number 71 - 41 - 0, is a straight - chain primary alcohol. It has the molecular formula C₅H₁₂O and a molar mass of approximately 88.15 g/mol. The appearance of n-pentanol is a colorless liquid with a characteristic alcoholic odor. It has a density of about 0.814 g/mL at 25°C, a boiling point of around 138°C, and a melting point of -78.2°C. n-pentanol is slightly soluble in water but miscible with many organic solvents such as ethanol, ether, and chloroform.
n-pentanol has multiple important applications in different industries. In the chemical industry, it serves as an intermediate for the synthesis of various compounds. For example, it can be used to produce pentyl esters, which are widely used as solvents in the paint and coating industry. These esters offer good solubility for resins and polymers, contributing to better paint performance and stability.
In the field of flavors and fragrances, n-pentanol is employed to create pleasant scents. It can be used as a raw material to synthesize artificial flavors similar to those found in fruits. Its mild and characteristic odor makes it a valuable ingredient in the formulation of perfumes and colognes.
Moreover, n-pentanol can also be used as a solvent in the extraction of natural products. It can effectively extract certain plant components, which are then used in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.
When using n-pentanol, safety precautions should be strictly followed. It is recommended to wear appropriate personal protective equipment, including gloves, safety goggles, and a lab coat. First, ensure that the work area is well - ventilated to prevent the accumulation of vapor. When handling n-pentanol, use graduated cylinders or pipettes to measure the required volume accurately.
If n-pentanol is used in a chemical reaction, it should be added slowly to the reaction mixture under stirring to ensure uniform mixing and to avoid violent reactions. After use, n-pentanol should be stored in a cool, dry, and well - ventilated place, away from sources of heat and ignition. It should be kept in a tightly sealed container to prevent evaporation and contamination.
Case 1: Paint Production
A paint manufacturing company was facing issues with the solubility of a new type of resin in their existing solvent system. By replacing a part of the traditional solvent with n-pentanol, they were able to dissolve the resin more effectively. The resulting paint had better leveling properties, reduced drying time, and improved adhesion. The use of n-pentanol also enhanced the overall quality of the paint film, making it more resistant to scratches and abrasion.
Caso 2: Formulación de perfumes
A fragrance company wanted to develop a new perfume with a fresh and fruity note. They incorporated n-pentanol into their formula. After a series of tests and adjustments, the perfume was well - received in the market. The use of n-pentanol contributed to the unique and long - lasting scent of the perfume, attracting a large number of consumers.
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