Sodium molybdate, with the CAS number 7631 - 95 - 0, is an inorganic compound. Its chemical formula is Na₂MoO₄. This compound is usually available as a dihydrate, Na₂MoO₄·2H₂O. It appears as a white crystalline powder. The molecular weight of the dihydrate form is approximately 241.95 g/mol. It has a high solubility in water, which makes it easy to use in various applications. The melting point of anhydrous sodium molybdate is about 687 °C. It is stable under normal conditions but should be stored in a cool, dry place away from strong acids and reducing agents.
1. Agriculture: Sodium molybdate is widely used as a fertilizer. Molybdenum is an essential micronutrient for plants. It plays a crucial role in nitrogen fixation and enzyme systems in plants. By using sodium molybdate in soil, it can improve plant growth, increase crop yield, and enhance the quality of agricultural products. For example, in legume crops, it helps in the symbiotic nitrogen fixation process by rhizobia bacteria in root nodules.
2. Corrosion Inhibition: It is used as a corrosion inhibitor in water - based systems. When added to cooling water systems, it forms a protective film on metal surfaces, preventing corrosion and extending the lifespan of equipment such as pipes and heat exchangers. This is especially important in industrial settings where large - scale water - cooling systems are used.
3. Chemical Industry: Sodium molybdate is a key intermediate in the production of other molybdenum compounds. It is used in the synthesis of molybdenum catalysts, which are widely used in petroleum refining, chemical synthesis, and environmental protection processes. For instance, molybdenum - based catalysts can be used in hydrodesulfurization reactions to remove sulfur from petroleum products.
1. In Agriculture: When using sodium molybdate as a fertilizer, it can be applied in different ways. It can be mixed with other fertilizers and applied to the soil during the planting season. The recommended dosage varies depending on the soil type, crop type, and molybdenum deficiency level. Generally, for foliar spraying, a solution of 0.05% - 0.1% sodium molybdate can be used. The solution should be evenly sprayed on the leaves to ensure good absorption by the plants.
2. In Corrosion Inhibition: In water - based cooling systems, sodium molybdate is usually added in a certain concentration. The dosage is determined by factors such as the water quality, system volume, and the type of metal in contact with the water. Typically, the concentration ranges from 5 - 50 ppm (parts per million). It should be added slowly and evenly to ensure uniform distribution in the water system.
3. In Chemical Industry: In chemical synthesis, the usage of sodium molybdate depends on the specific reaction. It is usually added in stoichiometric amounts or as determined by the reaction conditions. Precise control of the amount and the addition time is crucial to ensure the efficiency and selectivity of the reaction.
1. Agricultural Case: In a soybean - growing area with molybdenum - deficient soil, a farmer applied sodium molybdate fertilizer. The application was done by mixing sodium molybdate with other fertilizers at a rate of 1 kg per hectare. After the harvest, it was found that the soybean yield increased by 20% compared to the previous year without molybdate application. The protein content in the soybeans also improved, which led to a better market price.
2. Corrosion Inhibition Case: A power plant with a large - scale cooling water system added sodium molybdate as a corrosion inhibitor. Before using sodium molybdate, the plant had problems with corrosion in the pipes, which led to frequent maintenance and replacement. After adding sodium molybdate at a concentration of 20 ppm, the corrosion rate decreased significantly. The frequency of pipe replacement was reduced from once every two years to once every five years, resulting in significant cost savings for the plant.
3. Chemical Industry Case: A chemical company was synthesizing a new organic compound using a molybdenum - based catalyst prepared from sodium molybdate. By carefully
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