Pendimethalin, with the CAS number 40487 - 42 - 1, is a well - known herbicide that is widely used in the agricultural industry. It is a pre - emergence and early post - emergence herbicide, which means it can prevent weed growth before or just after the weeds have emerged from the soil.
Physical properties of pendimethalin include a yellow - orange crystalline solid with a melting point of around 54 - 58°C. It has a relatively low solubility in water but is soluble in many organic solvents. The chemical formula of pendimethalin is C₁₃H₁₆N₂O₄, and its molecular weight is approximately 264.27 g/mol.
Pendimethalin is primarily used for controlling annual grasses and certain broad - leaf weeds in a variety of crops. In agricultural fields, it is commonly applied in crops such as cotton, soybeans, peanuts, vegetables, and fruits. For example, in cotton fields, it helps to keep the field free from weeds that compete with cotton plants for nutrients, water, and sunlight, thereby increasing the yield and quality of cotton.
It is also used in non - agricultural areas such as lawns, golf courses, and industrial sites. In lawns, it can prevent the growth of unwanted weeds, making the lawn look more beautiful and healthy. At industrial sites, it can control weed growth in open areas, reducing the fire hazard and improving the overall appearance.
Before using pendimethalin, it is essential to read the product label carefully. For pre - emergence application, the product should be applied to the soil surface before the weeds germinate. The recommended application rate may vary depending on the type of crop, soil conditions, and the target weeds. Generally, the application rate ranges from 1 to 3 kg per hectare.
It can be applied using various methods, such as sprayers. When using a sprayer, make sure the equipment is clean and calibrated correctly. The spray should be evenly distributed over the target area to ensure effective weed control. After application, it is advisable to lightly incorporate the herbicide into the soil if possible, to enhance its performance.
Cotton Fields: In a large - scale cotton farm in Texas, USA, the farmer applied pendimethalin as a pre - emergence herbicide at a rate of 2 kg per hectare. The application was done just after planting the cotton seeds. As a result, the field had significantly fewer weeds throughout the growing season. The cotton plants grew more vigorously, and the yield increased by about 15% compared to the previous year when no herbicide was used.
Lawns: A homeowner in California had a problem with crabgrass and other broad - leaf weeds in their lawn. They applied pendimethalin in early spring as a pre - emergence treatment. By following the recommended application rate and method, they noticed that the weed growth was effectively controlled. The lawn became greener and more uniform, and they spent less time and effort on manual weeding.
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