Cumene hydroperoxide, with the CAS number 80-15-9, is a clear to yellowish liquid organic peroxide. Its chemical formula is C9H12O2, and it has a molecular weight of approximately 152.19 g/mol. This compound is known for its high reactivity due to the presence of the peroxide functional group. It is typically soluble in organic solvents such as alcohols, ethers, and hydrocarbons but has limited solubility in water. The specific gravity of cumene hydroperoxide is around 1.03, and it has a boiling point in the range of 153 - 155°C at 10 mmHg. It is usually stored at low temperatures to maintain its stability and prevent decomposition.
Cumene hydroperoxide is widely used in various industrial applications. One of its primary uses is in the production of phenol and acetone through the Hock process. In this process, cumene hydroperoxide decomposes under the influence of an acid catalyst to form phenol and acetone, which are important raw materials for the manufacture of plastics, resins, and synthetic fibers. Another significant application is as a polymerization initiator in the production of polymers such as polyethylene and polypropylene. It can also be used as an oxidizing agent in organic synthesis, facilitating the oxidation of various organic compounds to form more complex products. Additionally, it finds use in the rubber industry as a cross - linking agent to improve the mechanical properties of rubber products.
When using cumene hydroperoxide, strict safety precautions must be followed. It should be stored in a cool, well - ventilated area away from heat sources, open flames, and incompatible substances. Before use, the container should be inspected for any signs of damage or leakage. When handling, appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, goggles, and a lab coat should be worn. The compound should be used in a fume hood to prevent inhalation of vapors. The amount of cumene hydroperoxide used should be carefully measured according to the specific reaction requirements. In the Hock process, for example, the reaction conditions, including temperature, pressure, and catalyst concentration, need to be precisely controlled to ensure high yields of phenol and acetone. When used as a polymerization initiator, it is added at the appropriate stage of the polymerization reaction to initiate and control the rate of polymerization.
Case Study 1: A chemical manufacturing company was producing phenol and acetone using the Hock process. By using high - quality cumene hydroperoxide, they were able to achieve a significant increase in the yield of both products. They carefully optimized the reaction conditions, including the temperature and the amount of acid catalyst. As a result, the production efficiency improved by 20%, and the quality of the final products was also enhanced. The company was able to meet the growing market demand and gain a competitive edge in the industry.
Case Study 2: In a polymer production plant, cumene hydroperoxide was used as a polymerization initiator for the production of polyethylene. By adjusting the amount of cumene hydroperoxide added to the reaction mixture, the company was able to control the molecular weight and the degree of branching of the polyethylene. This led to the production of polyethylene with improved mechanical properties, such as higher tensile strength and better flexibility. The new polyethylene product was well - received in the market, and the company was able to expand its customer base.
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