Tosyl isocyanate (CAS 4083-64-1) is a highly reactive chemical compound. Its molecular formula is C₇H₇NO₃S. The compound appears as a colorless to light - yellow liquid or solid under normal conditions. It has a characteristic pungent odor. The melting point of Tosyl isocyanate is around 53 - 55 °C, and its boiling point is about 128 - 130 °C at 1.3 kPa. The density of this chemical is approximately 1.324 g/cm³ at 20 °C. It is soluble in many organic solvents such as benzene, toluene, and chloroform, but reacts violently with water.
Tosyl isocyanate has a wide range of applications in the chemical industry. One of the primary uses is in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals. It can be used as an intermediate in the production of various drugs, especially for those drugs that require the introduction of specific functional groups. For example, it can be used to modify the structure of existing drug molecules to enhance their efficacy or reduce side - effects. In the field of polymer chemistry, Tosyl isocyanate is used in the production of polyurethanes. It can react with polyols to form cross - linked polymer networks, which are used in the manufacturing of foams, elastomers, and coatings. These products have excellent mechanical properties, such as high elasticity, toughness, and abrasion resistance. In addition, it is also used in the production of agrochemicals. It can be used to synthesize pesticides and herbicides, which play an important role in protecting crops from pests and weeds.
When using Tosyl isocyanate, strict safety measures must be followed. First of all, it should be handled in a well - ventilated area or under a fume hood to prevent inhalation of its vapors. Personal protective equipment, including gloves, goggles, and a lab coat, should be worn. Before use, make sure that all equipment is clean and dry, as Tosyl isocyanate reacts with water. When measuring and transferring the compound, use appropriate glassware or plasticware that is resistant to its reactivity. During the reaction process, it is necessary to control the reaction temperature and time accurately according to the specific reaction requirements. If necessary, use a cooling or heating device to maintain the appropriate reaction conditions. After the reaction is completed, proper waste disposal should be carried out according to the local environmental protection regulations.
Case 1: Pharmaceutical Synthesis
In a pharmaceutical research project, Tosyl isocyanate was used to synthesize a new anti - cancer drug. The researchers first dissolved Tosyl isocyanate in anhydrous toluene. Then, they added a specific amine compound under stirring conditions. The reaction was carried out at a low temperature of - 20 °C for 2 hours and then gradually heated to room temperature for another 4 hours. After purification by column chromatography, a new compound with potential anti - cancer activity was obtained. The yield of the reaction was about 70%, and the purity of the product was confirmed by NMR and HPLC analysis.
Case 2: Polyurethane Foam Production
A polymer manufacturing company used Tosyl isocyanate in the production of rigid polyurethane foams. They mixed Tosyl isocyanate with a polyol mixture that included a chain extender and a blowing agent. The reaction was carried out in a closed mold at a temperature of 60 °C. The resulting polyurethane foam had excellent thermal insulation properties and high compressive strength. The foam was used in the construction industry for insulating buildings, and it received positive feedback from the market due to its good performance.
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