2-pyrrolidinone, with the CAS number 616-45-5, is a high - quality chemical product. It is a colorless to pale yellow hygroscopic liquid with a mild amine-like odor. The molecular formula of 2-pyrrolidinone is C₄H₇NO, and its molar mass is 85.10 g/mol. It has a melting point of approximately -18 °C and a boiling point of around 245 °C. The density of this product is about 1.03 g/cm³ at 25 °C. It is miscible with water, ethanol, ether, chloroform, and most organic solvents, which makes it highly versatile in various applications.
2-pyrrolidinone has a wide range of uses across different industries. In the pharmaceutical industry, it serves as a solvent for drugs, helping to improve the solubility and bioavailability of certain active ingredients. It can also be used as a starting material in the synthesis of many pharmaceutical compounds. In the chemical industry, it is used as a reactive solvent in organic synthesis, facilitating various chemical reactions such as condensation, cyclization, and substitution reactions. In the polymer industry, it is used as a solvent and a plasticizer for polymers, enhancing their flexibility and processability. Additionally, it is used in the electronics industry as a cleaning agent for printed circuit boards and semiconductor devices, effectively removing contaminants without causing damage to the components.
When using 2-pyrrolidinone, safety precautions should be taken. Wear appropriate personal protective equipment, including gloves, goggles, and a lab coat. Ensure good ventilation in the working area to prevent the accumulation of vapors. For laboratory use, measure the required amount of 2-pyrrolidinone accurately using a pipette or a burette. When using it as a solvent in chemical reactions, add it slowly to the reaction mixture under stirring to ensure uniform mixing. For industrial applications, follow the standard operating procedures of the specific equipment and processes. After use, properly store the remaining product in a tightly sealed container in a cool, dry place.
Pharmaceutical Case: A pharmaceutical company was developing a new oral drug with poor water solubility. By using 2-pyrrolidinone as a co - solvent, they were able to increase the solubility of the active ingredient by over 50%. This led to improved bioavailability of the drug, as demonstrated by in - vitro and in - vivo studies. The drug showed better therapeutic effects in clinical trials, and the patient compliance was also enhanced due to the reduced dosage volume.
Chemical Synthesis Case: In a chemical research laboratory, 2-pyrrolidinone was used as a reactive solvent in the synthesis of a complex heterocyclic compound. The reaction yield increased from 30% to over 70% compared to traditional solvents. The reaction conditions were milder, and the by - products were reduced, making the purification process more efficient.
Electronics Cleaning Case: An electronics manufacturing company was facing issues with the cleaning of printed circuit boards. Traditional cleaning agents were not effective in removing stubborn contaminants. After switching to 2-pyrrolidinone, the cleaning efficiency increased significantly. The boards had fewer defects, and the production yield improved by 15%, resulting in cost savings and better product quality.
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