Propylene Carbonate (PC) with the CAS number 108 - 32 - 7 is a colorless and odorless liquid. It has high boiling point, low viscosity, and good chemical stability. The molecular formula of Propylene Carbonate is C₄H₆O₃, and its molecular weight is approximately 102.09 g/mol. It has a density of about 1.204 g/cm³ at 20°C, and a boiling point of 240 - 243°C. The refractive index is around 1.421 - 1.423 at 20°C. This product is miscible with water, ethanol, ether, acetone, benzene, chloroform, and other organic solvents.
1. **Electrolyte Solvent**: In lithium - ion batteries, Propylene Carbonate is widely used as an electrolyte solvent. It can dissolve lithium salts well, providing a good medium for the movement of lithium ions, which is beneficial to the charge - discharge process of the battery.
2. **Industrial Solvent**: It is an excellent industrial solvent, used in the coatings, adhesives, and printing ink industries. It can dissolve many resins, polymers, and other organic substances, improving the performance and quality of products.
3. **Extraction Agent**: In the field of extraction, Propylene Carbonate can be used to extract various substances, such as natural products, pigments, and pharmaceuticals. It has good selectivity and extraction efficiency.
4. **Chemical Intermediate**: It is also used as a chemical intermediate in the synthesis of some chemicals, such as polycarbonates, polyurethanes, and other polymers.
1. **Handling Precautions**: When using Propylene Carbonate, wear appropriate protective equipment, such as gloves and goggles, to avoid direct contact with the skin and eyes. Ensure good ventilation in the working area to prevent the accumulation of vapor.
2. **Dilution and Mixing**: If it needs to be diluted or mixed with other substances, follow the specific process requirements. Generally, add Propylene Carbonate slowly to other components under stirring to ensure uniform mixing.
3. **Storage Conditions**: Store Propylene Carbonate in a cool, dry, and well - ventilated place, away from direct sunlight and sources of heat. Keep the container tightly closed to prevent evaporation and contamination.
1. **Lithium - Ion Battery Industry**: A battery manufacturing company used Propylene Carbonate as an electrolyte solvent in their lithium - ion batteries. After optimization of the electrolyte formula, the battery's cycle life increased by 20%. The high dielectric constant of Propylene Carbonate helped to improve the ion conductivity of the electrolyte, resulting in better charge - discharge performance.
2. **Coating Industry**: A coating manufacturer replaced the traditional solvent with Propylene Carbonate in their water - based coatings. The new coating had better solubility, which improved the leveling and gloss of the coating film. At the same time, the use of Propylene Carbonate reduced the volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions, making the coating more environmentally friendly.
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