Pyrocatechol, with the CAS number 120 - 80 - 9, is also known as catechol. It is an organic compound with the formula C₆H₄(OH)₂. It is a white crystalline solid under normal conditions but may turn dark upon exposure to air and light. The molar mass of pyrocatechol is approximately 110.11 g/mol. It has a melting point of around 105 °C and a boiling point of about 245 °C. The density of pyrocatechol is about 1.34 g/cm³. It is soluble in water, ethanol, and ether.
1. **In the Pharmaceutical Industry**: Pyrocatechol is used as an intermediate in the synthesis of various pharmaceuticals. It can be used to produce drugs for treating certain diseases, such as some anti - inflammatory and analgesic drugs. The unique chemical structure of pyrocatechol allows it to participate in a series of chemical reactions to form more complex drug molecules.
2. **In the Dye Industry**: It serves as a raw material for the production of dyes. Pyrocatechol can react with other substances to form dyes with different colors and properties, which are widely used in textile dyeing and other industries.
3. **In the Rubber Industry**: As an antioxidant, pyrocatechol can prevent the rubber from aging and degradation, thereby extending the service life of rubber products. It can react with free radicals generated during the oxidation process of rubber, reducing the damage to the rubber structure.
4. **In Analytical Chemistry**: It is used as a reagent for the detection of some metal ions. For example, it can form specific complexes with certain metal ions, which can be used for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of these metal ions through colorimetric or other analytical methods.
1. **Handling Precautions**: When handling pyrocatechol, appropriate personal protective equipment should be worn, including gloves, goggles, and a lab coat. Avoid inhalation of dust or vapors. In case of contact with skin or eyes, immediately rinse with plenty of water and seek medical attention if necessary.
2. **Storage Conditions**: Store pyrocatechol in a cool, dry, and well - ventilated place. Keep it away from sources of ignition and oxidizing agents. It should be stored in a tightly sealed container to prevent exposure to air and light, which can cause it to darken and degrade.
3. **Usage in Reactions**: In chemical reactions, the appropriate amount of pyrocatechol should be accurately measured according to the reaction requirements. It is usually added to the reaction system under appropriate temperature and reaction conditions. For example, in some organic synthesis reactions, it may need to be dissolved in an appropriate solvent first and then slowly added to the reaction mixture while stirring.
1. **Synthesis of a Pharmaceutical Intermediate**: A pharmaceutical company was synthesizing a new anti - inflammatory drug. They used pyrocatechol as an important intermediate. In the reaction process, they first dissolved pyrocatechol in ethanol under gentle heating. Then, they added a specific reactant drop - by - drop while maintaining a certain temperature and pH value. After a series of purification steps, they successfully obtained the desired pharmaceutical intermediate with a high yield, which laid a good foundation for the subsequent drug development.
2. **Dye Production in a Textile Factory**: A textile dyeing factory was producing a new type of blue dye. They mixed pyrocatechol with other dyes and chemicals in a specific ratio in a large - scale reaction kettle. Through a series of heating and stirring processes, they obtained a stable dye solution. This dye was then used to dye cotton fabrics, resulting in a bright and long - lasting blue color. The dyed fabrics met the quality requirements of the market and were well - received by customers.
3. **Antioxidant in Rubber Manufacturing**: A rubber products factory added pyrocatechol as an antioxidant during the rubber mixing process. They found that the addition of pyrocatechol significantly improved the aging resistance of the rubber products. After long - term outdoor exposure tests, the rubber products with pyrocatechol showed less cracking and hardening compared to those without it, which improved the durability of the rubber products and reduced the maintenance cost.
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