Lanthanum oxide, with the CAS number 1312 - 81 - 8, is a white solid inorganic compound. It is also known as lanthanum trioxide. Chemically, its formula is La₂O₃.
Key parameters of high - quality lanthanum oxide include high purity levels. Usually, it can have a purity of over 99%, ensuring its effectiveness in various applications. It has a high melting point, typically around 2315 °C, and a density of approximately 6.51 g/cm³. The particle size can be controlled during the manufacturing process, which may vary from nanoscale to micrometer - scale depending on the specific requirements.
Ceramics Industry: Lanthanum oxide is widely used in the ceramics industry. It can improve the refractory properties of ceramics, making them more resistant to high temperatures. This is crucial in applications such as high - temperature furnace linings and advanced ceramic components for aerospace and automotive industries.
Catalyst: It serves as an effective catalyst in many chemical reactions. For example, in the petroleum refining process, lanthanum oxide - based catalysts can enhance the cracking efficiency of heavy oil fractions, leading to higher yields of valuable light hydrocarbons.
Optical Glass: Lanthanum oxide is added to optical glass to increase its refractive index. This results in lenses with better optical performance, such as reduced chromatic aberration and improved light - gathering ability. It is commonly used in high - end cameras, telescopes, and other optical instruments.
Handling: When handling lanthanum oxide, it is important to wear appropriate personal protective equipment, including gloves and goggles. Avoid inhaling dust, as fine particles may cause respiratory irritation. Store it in a dry and cool place, away from moisture and reactive substances.
Addition in Ceramics: In the ceramics manufacturing process, lanthanum oxide is usually mixed with other ceramic raw materials in a specific ratio. The mixture is then milled to ensure uniform dispersion. After that, it can be shaped and fired according to the standard ceramic production process.
As a Catalyst: When using lanthanum oxide as a catalyst, it is often supported on a suitable carrier material. The catalyst is then loaded into the reaction vessel, and the reaction conditions such as temperature, pressure, and reactant flow rate need to be carefully controlled according to the specific reaction requirements.
Aerospace Ceramics: A leading aerospace company used lanthanum oxide - enhanced ceramics in the heat - shield components of a new spacecraft. By adding high - purity lanthanum oxide, the ceramics' ability to withstand extreme temperatures during re - entry into the Earth's atmosphere was significantly improved. This led to a more reliable and safer spacecraft design, reducing the risk of overheating and damage to critical components.
Petroleum Refining: A large - scale petroleum refinery adopted lanthanum oxide - based catalysts in its cracking units. After the implementation, the cracking efficiency increased by 15%, resulting in a higher production of gasoline and diesel fuels. The refinery also reported a significant reduction in the formation of unwanted by - products, which improved the overall quality of the refined products.
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