Octadecyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CAS 1120-02-1) CAS Number： A Deep Dive into Its Properties and Applications

Abstract

This article provides a comprehensive overview of Octadecyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CAS 1120-02-1), a chemical compound with diverse applications and unique properties. The article delves into the physical and chemical characteristics, synthesis methods, uses in various industries, environmental impact, safety considerations, and regulatory aspects of this compound. By exploring these aspects, the article aims to offer a deep dive into the properties and applications of Octadecyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide, highlighting its significance in modern chemistry and industry.

Introduction to Octadecyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CAS 1120-02-1)

Octadecyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide, commonly known as OTAB, is a quaternary ammonium salt with the chemical formula (CH3)3N+Br-CH2CH=CH2. It is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a strong, fishy odor. OTAB is widely used in various industries due to its unique properties, such as its ability to form stable emulsions, its surfactant properties, and its effectiveness as a biocide. This article aims to explore the properties and applications of OTAB in detail.

Physical and Chemical Properties of Octadecyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide

OTAB is a hydrophobic compound, which means it repels water. This property makes it an excellent surfactant, as it can reduce the surface tension of water and help in the dispersion of oil and water-based substances. The compound has a melting point of approximately 30°C and a boiling point of around 200°C. It is also highly soluble in organic solvents such as chloroform and acetone but is only slightly soluble in water.

OTAB is a strong base, and it can react with acids to form salts. It is also known to be a potent biocide, effective against a wide range of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. These properties make it a valuable compound in the formulation of disinfectants and sanitizers.

Synthesis of Octadecyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide

The synthesis of OTAB typically involves the reaction of bromoalkane with trimethylamine. The process can be carried out through a nucleophilic substitution reaction, where the bromine atom in the bromoalkane is replaced by the trimethylammonium group. This reaction is usually catalyzed by a strong base, such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.

The synthesis process is not only complex but also requires careful control of reaction conditions to ensure the desired product is obtained. The reaction is typically carried out in an organic solvent, such as dichloromethane or chloroform, to facilitate the reaction and to allow for the separation of the product from the reaction mixture.

Applications of Octadecyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide

OTAB finds extensive use in several industries due to its unique properties. One of the primary applications is in the formulation of detergents and surfactants. Its ability to form stable emulsions makes it an effective ingredient in laundry detergents, dishwashing liquids, and other cleaning products.

In the pharmaceutical industry, OTAB is used as an ingredient in the formulation of certain medications, particularly those that require the delivery of active ingredients in an emulsified form. Additionally, its biocidal properties make it a component in disinfectants, sanitizers, and antiseptics.

The agricultural sector also utilizes OTAB as a fungicide and insecticide to protect crops from various pathogens and pests.

Environmental Impact of Octadecyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide

OTAB is considered a hazardous substance due to its potential environmental impact. It is toxic to aquatic life and can persist in the environment for an extended period. The compound can bioaccumulate in organisms, leading to potential ecological damage.

To mitigate these risks, regulations are in place that limit the use of OTAB in certain applications and require proper disposal methods for waste containing the compound. Efforts are ongoing to develop alternative, less harmful biocides and surfactants.

Safety Considerations and Regulatory Aspects

Handling OTAB requires appropriate safety measures due to its potential health hazards. It can cause irritation to the skin, eyes, and respiratory system. Therefore, workers handling the compound should wear protective equipment, such as gloves, goggles, and masks.

Regulatory agencies, such as the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in the United States, have established guidelines for the use, handling, and disposal of OTAB. Compliance with these regulations is essential to ensure the safety of workers and the environment.

Conclusion

Octadecyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CAS 1120-02-1) is a versatile chemical compound with a wide range of applications across various industries. Its unique physical and chemical properties, along with its effectiveness as a surfactant and biocide, make it a valuable ingredient in numerous products. However, its environmental impact and safety considerations necessitate careful handling and usage. As the chemical landscape continues to evolve, the development of safer alternatives to OTAB remains a priority in the pursuit of sustainable and responsible chemical use.

Keywords: Octadecyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide, CAS 1120-02-1, surfactant, biocide, environmental impact, safety considerations, regulatory aspects.