Ammonium Pentaborate Tetrahydrate (CAS 12046-04-7)： Everything You Need to Know About This Compound

Abstract

This article provides an in-depth overview of Ammonium Pentaborate Tetrahydrate (CAS 12046-04-7), a compound with significant applications in various industries. It delves into its chemical properties, synthesis methods, uses, safety considerations, environmental impact, and regulatory aspects. By exploring these aspects, the article aims to offer a comprehensive understanding of this compound and its importance in modern science and industry.

Introduction to Ammonium Pentaborate Tetrahydrate (CAS 12046-04-7)

Ammonium Pentaborate Tetrahydrate, also known as boric acid ammonium salt, is a chemical compound with the formula (NH4)2B4O7·4H2O. It is a white crystalline solid that is highly soluble in water. This compound finds extensive use in various applications, including as a flame retardant, a buffering agent, and a precursor in the production of other chemicals. In this article, we will explore the various aspects of Ammonium Pentaborate Tetrahydrate, providing a comprehensive understanding of its properties and uses.

Chemical Properties

Ammonium Pentaborate Tetrahydrate is a salt of boric acid and ammonium hydroxide. It has a molecular weight of 237.17 g/mol and a melting point of approximately 200°C. The compound is highly soluble in water, with a solubility of about 100 g per 100 mL at 20°C. It is also soluble in alcohol and slightly soluble in ether. The tetrahydrate form is the most common form of Ammonium Pentaborate, and it is characterized by its crystalline structure and hygroscopic nature, meaning it readily absorbs moisture from the air.

Synthesis Methods

The synthesis of Ammonium Pentaborate Tetrahydrate can be achieved through various methods. One common method involves the reaction of boric acid with ammonium hydroxide in an aqueous solution. This reaction produces the tetrahydrate as a solid precipitate. Another method involves the reaction of boric acid with urea in the presence of a catalyst, which also yields the tetrahydrate. These synthetic routes are chosen based on the desired purity and scale of production.

Uses of Ammonium Pentaborate Tetrahydrate

Ammonium Pentaborate Tetrahydrate has a wide range of applications across different industries. One of its primary uses is as a flame retardant in plastics, textiles, and other materials. It helps to reduce the flammability of these materials, making them safer for use in various applications. Additionally, it serves as a buffering agent in chemical processes, maintaining a stable pH level. Furthermore, it is used in the production of borosilicate glass, where it acts as a fluxing agent to lower the melting point of the glass.

Safety Considerations

While Ammonium Pentaborate Tetrahydrate is widely used, it is important to consider its safety profile. The compound is considered moderately toxic if ingested or inhaled, and it can cause irritation to the skin and eyes. Proper handling and storage procedures are essential to minimize the risk of exposure. Workers handling the compound should wear appropriate personal protective equipment, such as gloves, goggles, and lab coats, to prevent contact with the skin and eyes.

Environmental Impact

The environmental impact of Ammonium Pentaborate Tetrahydrate is a subject of concern. The compound is not biodegradable and can persist in the environment for a long time. It is also toxic to aquatic life, and its release into water bodies can have detrimental effects on aquatic ecosystems. Therefore, proper waste management and disposal practices are crucial to minimize the environmental impact of this compound.

Regulatory Aspects

Ammonium Pentaborate Tetrahydrate is subject to various regulations and standards, depending on its use and the country in which it is produced or used. These regulations aim to ensure the safe handling, storage, and disposal of the compound. Compliance with these regulations is essential for manufacturers, distributors, and users of Ammonium Pentaborate Tetrahydrate to avoid legal and environmental consequences.

Conclusion

In conclusion, Ammonium Pentaborate Tetrahydrate (CAS 12046-04-7) is a versatile compound with a wide range of applications. Its chemical properties, synthesis methods, uses, safety considerations, environmental impact, and regulatory aspects have been thoroughly discussed in this article. Understanding these aspects is crucial for anyone involved in the production, handling, or use of this compound, ensuring its safe and responsible application in various industries.

Keywords: Ammonium Pentaborate Tetrahydrate, CAS 12046-04-7, chemical properties, synthesis methods, uses, safety considerations, environmental impact, regulatory aspects.