Dimethylcarbamoyl chloride, with the CAS number 79-44-7, is a crucial industrial chemical. It appears as a colorless to yellowish liquid and has a pungent odor. The molecular formula of this compound is C₃H₆ClNO, and it has a molecular weight of approximately 107.54 g/mol.
It is soluble in many organic solvents such as benzene, ether, and chloroform but is reactive with water. The boiling point of dimethylcarbamoyl chloride is around 167 - 169°C, and its melting point is -33°C. This chemical is typically stored in a cool, dry, and well - ventilated area, away from heat, flames, and sources of ignition.
Dimethylcarbamoyl chloride finds its applications in various industries. In the pharmaceutical industry, it serves as a key intermediate in the synthesis of numerous drugs. It can be used to introduce the dimethylcarbamoyl group into organic molecules, which can modify the biological activity and properties of the final drug product.
In the agrochemical field, it is used for the production of pesticides and insecticides. By reacting with other chemical compounds, it can form effective active ingredients that protect crops from pests and diseases. Additionally, it is also used in the synthesis of dyes and pigments, where it can contribute to the formation of specific color - generating structures.
When using dimethylcarbamoyl chloride, strict safety precautions should be taken. Operators must wear appropriate personal protective equipment, including chemical - resistant gloves, goggles, and a respirator. The use should be carried out in a well - ventilated fume hood to prevent inhalation of the vapor.
Before use, carefully read the safety data sheet (SDS) to understand the potential hazards and proper handling procedures. When adding dimethylcarbamoyl chloride to a reaction system, it should be added slowly and dropwise, while stirring continuously to ensure uniform mixing. During the reaction, the temperature and pressure should be carefully controlled according to the specific reaction requirements.
Case 1: Pharmaceutical Synthesis
A pharmaceutical company was synthesizing a new anti - inflammatory drug. They used dimethylcarbamoyl chloride as an intermediate. In the reaction process, they first dissolved the starting material in anhydrous benzene in a three - necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a dropping funnel, and a reflux condenser. The flask was placed in an ice - water bath to maintain a low temperature. Then, dimethylcarbamoyl chloride was slowly added dropwise through the dropping funnel over a period of 30 minutes. After the addition, the reaction mixture was gradually heated to reflux for 2 hours. After purification and isolation steps, they successfully obtained the target compound with a high yield of 85%. This new drug showed excellent anti - inflammatory activity in pre - clinical tests.
Case 2: Agrochemical Production
An agrochemical manufacturer was developing a new insecticide. They reacted dimethylcarbamoyl chloride with a specific aromatic amine in the presence of a base catalyst. The reaction was carried out in an organic solvent under controlled temperature and pressure conditions. After a series of purification steps, the final insecticide product was obtained. Field tests showed that this insecticide had a high efficacy in controlling pests on crops, with a pest control rate of over 90%.
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