Butylated Hydroxytoluene (BHT), with the CAS number 128 - 37 - 0, is a well - known organic compound. Chemically, it is an antioxidant belonging to the phenol family. BHT appears as a white or yellowish - white crystalline powder. It has a molecular formula of C₁₅H₂₄O and a molecular weight of approximately 220.35 g/mol. The melting point of BHT ranges from 69 - 71°C, and it has a boiling point of around 265°C. This compound is insoluble in water but is soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol, acetone, and benzene. It has a specific gravity of about 1.048 at 20°C.
1. **Food Industry**: BHT is widely used as an antioxidant in the food industry. It helps to prevent the oxidation of fats and oils in foods, thereby extending their shelf - life. This is crucial for products like snacks, baked goods, and cooking oils, as oxidation can lead to rancidity, off - flavors, and a decrease in nutritional value.
2. **Cosmetic Industry**: In cosmetics, BHT is used to prevent the oxidation of ingredients such as oils, fats, and waxes. This helps to maintain the stability and quality of products like creams, lotions, and lipsticks over time.
3. **Pharmaceutical Industry**: Pharmaceuticals often contain substances that are prone to oxidation. BHT is added to some pharmaceutical formulations to protect the active ingredients and ensure their efficacy during storage.
1. **Dosage**: The dosage of BHT depends on the specific application. In the food industry, the maximum allowable level is regulated by various food safety authorities. Generally, it is used in concentrations ranging from 0.01% to 0.02% of the total weight of the food product. In cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, the dosage is determined based on the stability requirements of the formulation.
2. **Mixing**: BHT should be properly mixed with the target product. In food production, it can be added during the manufacturing process, typically when the fats and oils are being incorporated. In cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, it is usually dissolved in a suitable solvent before being added to the formulation.
1. **Food Company X**: Food Company X produces a popular line of potato chips. Before using BHT, they noticed that their chips would start to develop a rancid smell and taste within a few weeks of production. After incorporating BHT at a concentration of 0.01% into the cooking oil used for frying the chips, the shelf - life of the chips increased from 3 weeks to 6 weeks. This not only reduced product waste but also improved customer satisfaction.
2. **Cosmetic Brand Y**: Cosmetic Brand Y manufactures a high - end moisturizer. Without an antioxidant, the oil - based ingredients in the moisturizer would oxidize and turn yellowish within a few months of storage. By adding BHT at an appropriate dosage, the product maintained its original color and texture for over a year. This led to fewer customer complaints and an increase in brand reputation.
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