Carnosic acid, with the CAS number 3650-09-7, is a natural phenolic diterpene. It is mainly extracted from rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis). The molecular formula of carnosic acid is C₂₀H₂₈O₄, and its molecular weight is approximately 332.43 g/mol. It appears as a white to off - white crystalline powder. The melting point of carnosic acid is around 175 - 180°C. It has good solubility in organic solvents such as ethanol, methanol, and acetone, but relatively low solubility in water.
1. Antioxidant: Carnosic acid is a powerful antioxidant. In the food industry, it can be used to prevent lipid oxidation in oils, fats, and fatty foods. This helps to extend the shelf - life of products, maintain their flavor and nutritional value, and prevent the formation of off - flavors and odors. For example, it can be added to edible oils, meat products, and bakery products.
2. Pharmaceutical applications: It has potential health benefits, such as anti - inflammatory, anti - cancer, and neuroprotective properties. In the pharmaceutical field, it may be used in the development of drugs for the treatment of various diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, and some types of cancer.
3. Cosmetic industry: Due to its antioxidant and anti - inflammatory effects, carnosic acid is used in cosmetics. It can protect the skin from oxidative stress caused by free radicals, reduce skin inflammation, and help in maintaining the skin's health and appearance. It can be found in creams, lotions, and serums.
1. Food industry: When using carnosic acid in food products, it is usually added during the production process. For oils and fats, it can be dissolved in a small amount of the oil first and then mixed thoroughly with the bulk oil. The recommended dosage is generally between 0.01% - 0.1% (w/w), depending on the type of food and the desired level of antioxidant protection.
2. Pharmaceutical applications: In the development of pharmaceutical products, the use of carnosic acid should be carried out under strict laboratory and clinical conditions. It may be formulated into various dosage forms such as tablets, capsules, or injections. The dosage and administration route should be determined according to the specific disease and patient's condition, following the guidance of medical professionals.
3. Cosmetic industry: In cosmetics, carnosic acid can be added to the formulation during the manufacturing process. It should be well - dispersed in the cosmetic base. The concentration of carnosic acid in cosmetics usually ranges from 0.05% - 0.5% (w/w), depending on the type of cosmetic product and its intended use.
1. Food industry: A well - known edible oil company added carnosic acid to their olive oil product. Before using carnosic acid, the olive oil had a relatively short shelf - life and was prone to oxidation, resulting in a rancid smell after a few months of storage. After adding carnosic acid at a concentration of 0.05% (w/w), the oxidation process of the olive oil was significantly slowed down. The oil maintained its original flavor and nutritional value for up to one year, which greatly improved the product's market competitiveness.
2. Pharmaceutical field: In a pre - clinical study on Alzheimer's disease, a research team used carnosic acid in a cell culture model. They found that carnosic acid could reduce the production of amyloid - beta peptides, which are known to be associated with the development of Alzheimer's disease. This indicates that carnosic acid may have potential in the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
3. Cosmetic industry: A cosmetic brand launched a face cream containing carnosic acid. Customers who used the cream reported that after a few weeks of regular use, their skin became more hydrated, and the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles was reduced. The anti - inflammatory effect of carnosic acid also helped to soothe irritated skin, making it a popular product among consumers with sensitive skin.
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