Ammonium bisulfate, with the CAS number 7803 - 63 - 6, is a chemical compound with the formula NH₄HSO₄. It appears as a white crystalline solid. This product is supplied directly from the factory, ensuring high - quality and cost - effective solutions for customers.
The molar mass of ammonium bisulfate is approximately 115.11 g/mol. It has a density of around 1.78 g/cm³. This compound is soluble in water, and its aqueous solution is acidic. The melting point of ammonium bisulfate is about 147 °C. When heated above this temperature, it decomposes, releasing ammonia and sulfur trioxide gases.
Ammonium bisulfate has a wide range of uses in various industries. In the chemical industry, it is often used as an acid catalyst in organic synthesis reactions. It can promote reactions such as esterification, where it helps in the formation of esters from carboxylic acids and alcohols. This is crucial in the production of fragrances, flavorings, and some types of plastics.
In the metal industry, ammonium bisulfate is used for metal pickling. It can remove oxides and impurities from the surface of metals, preparing them for further processing such as plating or coating. This helps to improve the quality and appearance of metal products.
In the textile industry, it is used as a dyeing auxiliary. It can help to fix dyes on textile fibers, improving the color fastness of dyed fabrics. This ensures that the colors on the textiles do not fade easily during washing or exposure to light.
When using ammonium bisulfate, proper safety precautions should be taken. It is recommended to wear appropriate personal protective equipment, such as gloves and goggles, to avoid direct contact with the skin and eyes. In case of contact, immediately rinse the affected area with plenty of water and seek medical attention if necessary.
For acid - catalyzed organic synthesis, the appropriate amount of ammonium bisulfate should be added to the reaction mixture based on the reaction scale and requirements. The reaction conditions, such as temperature and reaction time, should be carefully controlled to ensure the desired reaction outcome.
When used for metal pickling, the metal parts should be immersed in a solution of ammonium bisulfate for a suitable period. The concentration of the solution and the pickling time depend on the type and thickness of the metal oxides to be removed.
In textile dyeing, ammonium bisulfate is usually added to the dye bath at a specific concentration. The temperature and pH of the dye bath need to be adjusted to optimize the dye - fixing process.
Case 1: Organic Synthesis in a Fragrance Company
A fragrance company was producing a new ester - based fragrance. They used ammonium bisulfate as an acid catalyst in the esterification reaction between a carboxylic acid and an alcohol. By carefully controlling the amount of ammonium bisulfate and the reaction conditions (70 °C for 4 hours), they were able to achieve a high yield of the desired ester. The resulting fragrance had a more intense and long - lasting scent, which was well - received in the market.
Case 2: Metal Pickling in a Metal Fabrication Plant
A metal fabrication plant was preparing stainless steel parts for chrome plating. They used a 10% ammonium bisulfate solution for pickling. The parts were immersed in the solution for 30 minutes. After pickling, the surface of the stainless steel parts was clean and free of oxides. This led to a better - quality chrome plating, with improved adhesion and a more uniform finish.
Case 3: Textile Dyeing in a Textile Mill
A textile mill was dyeing cotton fabrics with reactive dyes. They added 2 g/L of ammonium bisulfate to the dye bath and adjusted the pH to 5 - 6. The dyeing process was carried out at 80 °C for 60 minutes. As a result, the dyed cotton fabrics had excellent color fastness, with minimal color loss during washing and light exposure.
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